Steam producer



Sept. 30, 1941. l C LSKER i 2,257,565

STEAM PRODUCER Filed March 24, 1959 2 sheets-sheet 1 *Pf Y? 920. Z9

, Sept. 30, 1941. c. I AsKER STEAM PRODUCER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March24, 1939 atented Sept. 30, 1941 STEAMA PRODUCER;

Charles Lasker, Chicago, Ill;

Application March 24, 1939, Seria1No.263,Bl7f

4 Claimsisexposed to hotgasesv of combustion, andas av result, Steam is;generated.

rapidlyandi economically Another object offthe invention includes-theprovision oi; improvementsin the arrangementY and-,construction ofdrurnsand connecting tubularV members;V whereby: certain of saidmembersfunction` tol coolV the' Walls of the producer and adapt the producertoI bey operated with, higher4 working temperaturesl and presf suresthanv would be lotherwise possible without disintegration of the walls.

A further object of :the invention is; the pro-f visionof animproved-arrangement off drums,` members whereby.. they are allconstantly exposed to headers and connecting tubular hot gasesy ofYcombustionin a mannerv conducive ton rapid and economical` generationofY steam.

Many other objects and advantages; of the construction herein shown anddescribed will bezobvious to those skilled in-the art fromfthedisclosure herein given.

To this end, the invention consists in the novel combination,arrangement and construction of parts herein shown and moreparticularlypointed out in the claims. f

In-the drawings, wherein like reference--char,- acters indicate likerorcorresponding parts:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section taken through a steam producerembodying the prin? ciplesY ofthe invention, said section being; takensubstantially along the line I-I of` Fig.- 2;

Fig. 2 isa transverse vertical sectional View taken substantially alongthe line 2f2, of- Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a view alongV the line 3-301 Fig@ l. Referring now moreparticularly to ythe draw.-A

ings, the numeralY IIl' generally designates a;

foundation or support ofV reinforced concrete or similar material for asetting enclosing and supporting the drums and tubular memberscomprising the steamA producer. The supporting; and` enclosing, settingalso comprisesY av front. wall- II, a. rear. wall I2 and oppositelypositionedpreferably parallel side Walls, I3, all constructed, of` re.lbrick or. of other suitable refractoryy material, A- metal casing orithe like I4 surroundsthe refractory walls andv is spacedv therefrom, as:shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the;V spacing being-Ky iilled byv suitable heatinsulating material I5.,

A` water and` steam,A collecting drum mounted at the top of, andextends. the full length of the producer, the4V drum, being disposedcentrally of; the-structure, as shown in Fig.- 1. Thedrum II-issupported byv a steel frame-work fromyvhichit is suspendedadiacent each`end by-,rods I1. Thesupporting steel frame-workgconsists of,metalpostsI8 positioned at each corner of the.A setting.A and longitudinallyextending beams I9-.at\ the topv of the` structure,V the ends ofthebeams.- being fastened in any.v suitable manner,Y to the contiguouscorner p ostsf- I1. A pair of channell members 20, extendingv acrosstheastructureA adi acent each f end, are-fastened tol andsupported-bythe beams It. The channel,A members 2l)y comprising each pair arefspacedapart as shown to receive. they ends ofY the suspender rods'r Il.through-plates-M carried by the channel members andare provided withnuts 22, which transmitthe weight of the drum I6 from the rods to theplates and thence to the channel memy bers 20. The posts I8-, beams I9,-andchannel members'ZIl are all protected or heat insulated by4 therefractory materials comprising4 the setting, l

Atransversely extendinglbridge wall Elconm nects' the; side walls I3v ofthe setting and the foundation; wall I0 is recessed in front of thebridgewall to provide an ash box- 2,44, access to which is-had by meansof a door 25. Fuel is delivered' into the structure and onto a grate-26; through an opening 21 in the front Wall II; by: anyr suitable meanssuch las an automatic stokerZB; shownldiagramrnatically in Fig. 1.

The bridge wall 23,-extends upwardly aV sub-` stantialdistance above thegrate 25 and divides the; structure intoa front combustion chamber 291andi al rear heating chamber SII. A5 baiile wall 3| extending downwardlyinA thek heating chamber fromthe drum IE, overlapsthe bridge wall 23.23,-and' offthe bafllewa1l'3l issuch that. hot gases, ascending from thefuel burningY on the grate; 25 pass; over the bridge wall and down-Warclly` under the1 baffle wall and thence up- The rods I'I extendl Thearrangement of thebridge Wallwardly and out through a stack 32, asindicated by the arrows shown in Fig. 2.

A water drum 33, positioned in the bottom of the heating chamber inlongitudinal and vertical alignment with the drum I6, has its front endterminating in or adjacent the bridge wall 23 and its rear endterminating in and closely fitting an opening 34 provided by the rearwall I2. i

The lower drum 33 is indirectly connected with that portion of the upperdrum |6 extending 'across the top of the combustion chamber 29 by meansof two headers 35 positioned on op- I posite sides of and near thebottom of the comb-ustion chamber. The headers 35 extend the full lengthof the combustion chamber 29 and project through the bridge wall 23 andinto the heating chamber 39 a substantial distance. The headers 35 areeach directly connected with the lower drum 33 by a plurality of watercirculating tubes 36 and are also directly connected with the front endof the upper drum i6 by rows of vertical tubes 31 positioned in closeproximity Vto the side walls I3 of the furnace 0r combustion chamber 29.Certain of the tubes 31 are surrounded by and tend to water cool thebridge wall 23. The upper ends of the tubes 31 are inturned andconnected with the bottom of the upper drum IE and the circulation ofwater therein to the drum from the headers 35' serves to cool the sidewalls I3 of the combustion chamber 29. The drums I6 and 33 are directlyconnected by a plurality of vertical tubes 38 arranged in rows adjacentto the side walls of the heating chamber 30. The upper and lower ends ofthe tubes 38, respectively, open into the drums I6 and 33 inapproximately horizontal alignment with the longitudinal axes of thedrums. Water circulating through the tubes 38 cools the Walls of theheating chamber 39 by reason of the close proximity of the tubes andwalls. The drums I6 and 33 are also connected by a plurality ofrelatively closely spaced longitudinal rows of tubes 39. The number andspacing of the rows of tubes 39 and the number and spacing of the tubesin each row are such that the hot gases, passing from the combustionVchamber 29 and over the bridge wall 23 into the heating chamber 30 inthe paths indicated by the arrows, are constantly in close heattransferring proximity to the tubes.

Symmetrically curved walls 40 of refractory material provide a ceilingfor the 'furnace or combustion chamber 29, the walls being Awater cooledby their proximity to the tubes 3l and to the lower portion of the drumIB. The ceiling of the heating chamber 3D comprises curved walls 4| ofrefractory material connected with the wall 46 by a vertical partitionwall 42. The

walls 4| are immediately above and in close prox-` imity to the Vtubes38 and terminate short of the rear end of the drum I9 to permit escapeof the gases ascending between the baille wall 3| and the rear wall l2,into a hood 43 from which the gases are discharged into the stack 32. v

Water is delivered into the drum IE through an inlet pipe 44 and may bedischarged from the producer through a blow-off or drain pipe 45connected with the lower drum 33. The joints between the tubes and the'drums and headers are preferably constructed of expanded metal to metalwhereby the use of gaskets, bolts or screw connections is eliminated.The producer is operated with the water level slightly above thelongitudinal axis of the drum IB so that all joints or connections oftubes, headers, and drums are prevented from being distorted byoverheating, whereby leakage is avoided and the necessity for repairs isminimized.

Water is circulated between the upper drum I6 and the lower drum 33, thewater` travelling downwardly through the tubes 38 and 39 positioned inthe heating chamber 3|I in the rear of the baiiie wall 3| through thetubes 38 and 39 which are positioned between the bridge wall 23 and thebaffle wall 3|. The down-comer tubes 38 and 39 serve as secondaryheating elements in which the water flows oppositely to the hot gasesascending in proximity thereto. The up-comer tubes 38 and 39 positionedbetween the bridge wall 23 and the baille wall 3| serve as primaryheating elements in which steam is generated by -contact therewith ofthe downwardly descending gases, which are then at maximum temperaturesince they have just left the furnace or combustion chamber 29. lThetubes 3l in the combustion chamber 29 are also up-comer primary heatingelements in which the water in general travels in the direction of theascending gases. The steam generated in the various tubes and headersascends and is collected in the upper portion of the drum 6 from whichit may be drawn off as needed through a main, not shown.

Thus, it will be seen that the invention resides in the provision of anovel steam generator consisting of a setting comprising a forwardfurnace or combustion chamber separated from a rear heating chamber-by abridge wall, and comprises a full length water and steam collecting drumpositioned at the top of the setting, a water drum in the bottom of theheating chamber, a plurality of relatively closely spaced vertical tubespositioned in the heating chamber and connecting the drums, and aplurality of tubes arranged in rows in proximity to the refractory wallsof the combustion and heating chambers to water cool the walls. Theprovision of a steam producer consisting of a full length upper drum anda short lower drum in vertical and longitudinal alignment with the upperdrum and vertical tubes connecting the drums and exposed to contact withhot gases provides a maximum of heat transferring surfaces in a compactspace, minimizes the loss of radiant heat, and

possesses numerous other advantages over known constructions wherein aplurality of drums are provided, but are not so arranged that tubularmembers connecting the drums are substantially vertical.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that variousimmaterial modifications may be made in the same without departing fromthe spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood aslimiting myself to the exact form, construction, arrangement andcombination of parts herein shown and described, or uses mentioned.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a steam boiler, a setting having side walls, a full length upperwater and steam drum, a bridge wall extending transversely of saidsetting and dividing the interior thereof into a forward combustionchamber and a rear primary heating compartment, a relatively short lowerwater drum positioned in said heating compartment and longitudinallyaligned with said upper drum, the rear ends of said drums being insubstantially vertical alignment, headers extending for.

and travelling upwardly wardly and rearwardly along and between saidside walls and overlapping the forward end of said lower drum, tub-esconnecting said lower water drum and said overlapping ends of theheaders, tubes arranged in longitudinal rows and extending downwardlyfrom said upper drum, the outermost rows of tubes extending downwardlyadjacent said side walls, certain of said outermost tubes beingconnected to said headers and constituting 4water circulating tubes toassist in providing a constant supply of circulating water for watercooling said side walls and thereby inducing a water circulation in andto the upper drum, the other of said tubes being connect-ed with saidlower drum and constituting steam generating tubes, the upper ends ofsaid water circulating tubes being curved inwardly and connected withthe lowermost portion of said upper drum, a wall providing a curvedceiling immediately above and closely fitting said curved ends of theWater circulating tubes, said steam generating tubes being connectedwith said upper drum at points above said curved ceiling, a wallproviding a ceiling for the front of said heating chamber, a verticalwall connecting said ceilings, and a baille plate extending downwardlyfrom the rear edge of the ceiling of said heating chamber.

2. In a steam boiler, a setting having side walls, an upper water andsteam drum extending the full length of the setting, a bridge wallextending transversely of said setting and dividing the interior thereofinto a forward combustion chamber and a rear primary heatingcompartment, a relatively short lower water drum extending forwardlyfrom the rear wall of the setting in longitudinal and vertical alignmentwith the upper drum, headers extending from the front Wall of thesetting along said side Walls and in overlapping relation to said lowerdrum, tubes connecting said lower drum with the adjacent overlappingends of said headers, a plurality of longitudinal rows of tubessymmetrically arranged about a vertical plane through the axes of saiddrums and extending downwardly from said upper drum, certain of thetubes comprising the outermost rows being connected to said headers andconstituting water `circulating tubes providing a constant supply ofcirculating water in and to the upper drum to and through the headers,the other tubes being connected with the lower drum and constitutingsteam generating tubes, the upper ends of said water circulating tubesbeing curved inwardly and connected with the lowermost portion of saidupper drum, a wall I providing a curved ceiling immediately above andclosely itting said curved ends of the water circulating tubes, saidsteam generating tubes being connected with said upper drum at pointsabove said curved ceiling, a wall providing a ceiling for the front ofsaid heating chamber, a vertical wall connecting said ceilings, and abaille plate exten-ding downwardly from the rear edge of the ceiling ofsaid heating chamber.

3. In a steam generator, a setting having a smoke outlet at the rearthereof, an upper water and steam drum extending the length of saidsetting, a bridge wall extending transversely of said setting anddividing the interior thereof into a forward combustion chamber and arear primary heating compartment, a low-er water drum within saidheating compartment and disposed behind said bridge wall in vertical andlongitudinal alignment with said upper drum, a plurality of boiler tubesconnecting said upper drum and said lower drum, said tubes beingarranged in longitudinally extending rows symmetrically positioned withreference to a vertical plane through the axes of the drums, water wallheaders extending along the inside of the side walls of said setting anddisposed Within said combustion chamber and extending into the primaryheating compartment, certain of the tubes comprising the outside rowsconnecting said headers with said upper drum and the other of said tubesconnecting the upper drum with the lower drum, and a plurality ofhorizontally extending tubes connecting the headers with said lower drumsaid combustion chamber having a ceiling wall underneath the upper drumthe opposite sides of which converge to the lowermost edges of saiddrum, the forward end of said heating compartment having a curvedceiling positioned above the ceiling of the combustion chamber, avertical wall connecting said ceilings, and a baffle plate extendingdownwardly from the rear edge of the combustion chamber ceiling.

4. In a steam generator, a setting having a smoke outlet at the rearthereof, an upper longitudinally extending water and steam drum, abridge wall extending transversely of said setting and dividing theinterior thereof into a forward combustion chamber and a rear primaryheating compartment, a lower water drum within said heating compartmentand disposed behind said bridge wall in alignment with said upper drum,a plurality of vertically extending boiler tubes, a water wall headerpositioned along each si-de wall of said setting and disposed Withinsaid combustion chamber and extending into the heating compartment,certain of said tubes connecting said headers with said upper drum andthe other of said tubes connecting the upper drum with the lower drum, aplurality of transversely extending tubes connecting the headers withsaid lower drum, said combustion chamber having a ceiling wallunderneath and converging upwardly towards the lower edge of the upperdrum, the forward end of said heating compartment having a curvedceiling `positioned above the ceiling of the combustion chamber, avertical wall connecting said ceilings, and a baille plate extendingdownwardly from the rear edge of the combustion chamber ceiling, thatportion of said side walls to the rear of the bafde plate beingconvergent upwardly to provide a constricted conduit and dischargeopening connected with said smoke outlet above said upper drum.

CHARLES LASKER.

